SEMICONDUCTORS

Semiconductors can act like conductors or insulators. They have a resistance higher than that of conductors like copper or iron, but lower than that of insulators like glass or rubber. They have special electrical properties:

• Conductivity can be increased by mixing in certain substances.


• Resistance can be changed by light, temperature, or mechanical pressure.
  
• Light can be produced by passing current through them.

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SEMICONDUCTORS TYPES

• DIODES

  Diodes are semiconductor devices which act as one way electrical check valves. Diodes will allow current flow in one direction (anode to cathode), but block it in the reverse direction (cathode to anode).

• Transistors

  Transistors are semiconductor devices for controlling current flow. A "transistor" (transformer + resistor) transfers signals across the resistance of two semiconductor materials.